Volume 11, Issue 22 (11-2023)
ifej 2023, 11(22): 101-109 |
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Rasoul M, Nasiri M, Maryam A. (2023). Investigating the Damages to the Trees due to the Traffic of Off-Road Vehicle in the Northern Forests of Iran. ifej. 11(22), 101-109. doi:10.61186/ifej.11.22.101
URL: http://ifej.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-501-en.html
URL: http://ifej.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-501-en.html
Department of Forest Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
Abstract: (574 Views)
Introduction and Objective: Today, off-road vehicles are used for nature tourism and also for competitions. In fact, off-road riding is also known as a kind of sport. The invasion of several cars into the forest and the lack of knowledge about environmental factors cause the damages to the soil and vegetation around the road. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of off-road vehicle traffic on the trees around the road in terms of wound area, wound depth, location of wound on the trunk or root and the reason of injury by each factor.
Material and Methods: This study was carried out in the Hajikla-Tirankali (Mianshe) forestry plan. For this purpose, the off-road path and control plot (outside the off-road route) was considered. The impact of off-road vehicles on the trees around the road was investigate according to wounding and slope gradient.
Results: The results showed that in trees closer to the roads the wound depth is more than wound area, and also in trees farther away from the road the wound area is more than wound depth. The depth at a distance of 50 cm from the road is 2.55 cm, at a distance of 100 cm from the road, 1.2 cm and at a distance of 15 cm from the road, the wound depth is 1.7 cm. The damage to the trees in terms of the location of damage was 12% from the soil horizon to collar of trees, 56% from the collar to one-meter height of trunk and 32% from one meter to two meters’ height of the tree. The highest rate of damage to trees was recorded for the location of collar to one-meter height of trunk and the lowest rate of damage was recorded for the soil horizon to tree collar. According to result, the rate of damages due to collision of the body and wheel of the car with the trunk is 42%, collision of the roof or crown of the car with the tree is 30%, wound due to cut by winch wire is 16% and root wound due to tire wear is 12%. The depth and area of the wound increased by increasing in longitudinal slope. The average wound depth was recorded 1 mm in the 7% slope, which that increased to 3.4 mm in the slope of 20%.
Conclusion: Due to the registration of off-road as an official sport, it cannot be avoided. But by educating people and making them familiar with environmental demands, the damage can be reduced. Creating fixed and exciting tracks and preventing entry into the forest is one of the effective solutions.
Material and Methods: This study was carried out in the Hajikla-Tirankali (Mianshe) forestry plan. For this purpose, the off-road path and control plot (outside the off-road route) was considered. The impact of off-road vehicles on the trees around the road was investigate according to wounding and slope gradient.
Results: The results showed that in trees closer to the roads the wound depth is more than wound area, and also in trees farther away from the road the wound area is more than wound depth. The depth at a distance of 50 cm from the road is 2.55 cm, at a distance of 100 cm from the road, 1.2 cm and at a distance of 15 cm from the road, the wound depth is 1.7 cm. The damage to the trees in terms of the location of damage was 12% from the soil horizon to collar of trees, 56% from the collar to one-meter height of trunk and 32% from one meter to two meters’ height of the tree. The highest rate of damage to trees was recorded for the location of collar to one-meter height of trunk and the lowest rate of damage was recorded for the soil horizon to tree collar. According to result, the rate of damages due to collision of the body and wheel of the car with the trunk is 42%, collision of the roof or crown of the car with the tree is 30%, wound due to cut by winch wire is 16% and root wound due to tire wear is 12%. The depth and area of the wound increased by increasing in longitudinal slope. The average wound depth was recorded 1 mm in the 7% slope, which that increased to 3.4 mm in the slope of 20%.
Conclusion: Due to the registration of off-road as an official sport, it cannot be avoided. But by educating people and making them familiar with environmental demands, the damage can be reduced. Creating fixed and exciting tracks and preventing entry into the forest is one of the effective solutions.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2023/03/5 | Accepted: 2023/05/22 | Published: 2024/02/3
Received: 2023/03/5 | Accepted: 2023/05/22 | Published: 2024/02/3
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