Ecology of Iranian Forests
بوم شناسی جنگل های ایران (علمی- پژوهشی)
Ecol Iran For
Agriculture
http://ifej.sanru.ac.ir
1
admin
2423-7140
2676-4296
10.61186/ifej
fa
jalali
1402
5
1
gregorian
2023
8
1
11
21
online
1
fulltext
fa
جداسازی و شناسایی قارچ های اندوفیت درختان ممرز از برخی جنگل های حومه ساری
Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi of Beech Trees from some Forests in the Suburbs of Sari
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:IRANsharp;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA">چکیده مبسوط</span></b></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA">مقدمه و<b> </b>هدف:</span></b><span lang="FA"> قارچ ­­­­های درون­ زی</span> <span lang="FA">قارچ ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­هایی</span> <span lang="FA">هستند</span> <span lang="FA">که</span> <span lang="FA">در</span> <span lang="FA">لحظه</span> <span lang="FA">نمونه ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­برداری بدون</span> <span lang="FA">علائم</span> <span lang="FA">آشکاری</span> <span lang="FA">داخل</span> <span lang="FA">بافت</span> <span lang="FA">گیاهی</span> <span lang="FA">حضور</span> <span lang="FA">دارند.گزارش ­های متعددی</span> <span lang="FA">وجود</span> <span lang="FA">دارد</span> <span lang="FA">که</span> <span lang="FA">استفاده</span> <span lang="FA">از</span> <span lang="FA">قارچ ­های</span> <span lang="FA">درون­ زی</span> <span lang="FA">باعث</span> <span lang="FA">بهبود</span> <span lang="FA">عملکرد</span> <span lang="FA">دانه،</span> <span lang="FA">افزایش</span> <span lang="FA">تحمل</span> <span lang="FA">به سرما</span> <span lang="FA">و خشکی،</span> <span lang="FA">مقاومت</span> <span lang="FA">به</span> <span lang="FA">بیمار­گرهای</span> <span lang="FA">گیاهی</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">حشرات گیاه­ خوار</span> <span lang="FA">شده</span> <span lang="FA">است.از</span> <span lang="FA">این­ رو</span> <span lang="FA">می­ توان</span> <span lang="FA">این</span> <span lang="FA">قارچ ­ها</span> <span lang="FA">را</span> <span lang="FA">به عنوان</span> <span lang="FA">یک</span> <span lang="FA">عامل</span> <span lang="FA">کنترل­ زیستی</span> <span lang="FA">در</span> <span lang="FA">حفاظت</span> <span lang="FA">از محصولات گیاهی، مورد</span> <span lang="FA">استفاده</span> <span lang="FA">قرار</span> <span lang="FA">داد. قارچ ­های</span> <span lang="FA">درون­ زی</span> <span lang="FA">منبع</span> <span lang="FA">غنی</span> <span lang="FA">از</span> <span lang="FA">ترکیبات ­آلی</span> <span lang="FA">فعال</span> <span lang="FA">هستند که</span> <span lang="FA">پتانسیل</span> <span lang="FA">استفاده</span> <span lang="FA">از</span> <span lang="FA">این</span> <span lang="FA">ترکیبات­ آلی در پزشکی،</span> <span lang="FA">کشاورزی</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">صنعت</span> <span lang="FA">وجود</span> <span lang="FA">دارد. لذا این تحقیق با هدف جداسازی قارچ ­های درون ­زی</span> <span lang="FA">از درختان ممرز و شناسائی شکل ظاهری و مولکولی آن­ ها از جنگل­ های شهر ساری انجام شد.</span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA">مواد<b> </b>و</span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA">روش­ ها:</span></b><span lang="FA"> در</span> <span lang="FA">این</span> <span lang="FA">تحقیق،</span> <span lang="FA">به­ منظور</span> <span lang="FA">شناسایی</span> <span lang="FA">قارچ­ های</span> <span lang="FA">درون­ زی</span> <span lang="FA">، از سرشاخه های سالم درختان ممرز طی سال­ های پاییز 98 و تابستان و پاییز 99 از جنگل ­های شهرستان ساری نمونه­ برداری</span> <span lang="FA">انجام</span> <span lang="FA">شد</span><span dir="LTR">.</span><span lang="FA"> در</span> <span lang="FA">آزمایشگاه،</span> <span lang="FA">هر</span> <span lang="FA">نمونه</span> <span lang="FA">سرشاخه</span> <span lang="FA">پس</span> <span lang="FA">از</span> <span lang="FA">ضدعفونی</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">کشت</span> <span lang="FA">روی</span> <span lang="FA">محیط</span><span dir="LTR">PDA </span> به <span lang="FA">مدت یک</span> <span lang="FA">ماه</span> <span lang="FA">در دمای24</span> <span lang="FA">درجه</span> <span lang="FA">سلسیوس</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">تاریکی</span> <span lang="FA">مداوم</span> <span lang="FA">نگهداری</span> <span lang="FA">گردید. پس</span> <span lang="FA">از</span> <span lang="FA">خالص­ سازی</span> <span lang="FA">جدایه­ های</span> <span lang="FA">به دست</span> <span lang="FA">آمده</span> <span lang="FA">با</span> <span lang="FA">استفاده</span> <span lang="FA">از</span> <span lang="FA">روش تک ­­اسپور</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">نوک­ ریسه،</span> <span lang="FA">شناسایی جدایه ­ها</span> <span lang="FA">براساس</span> <span lang="FA">ویژگی­ های</span> <span lang="FA">ریخت­ شناسی</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">توالی</span> <span lang="FA">ناحیه</span><span dir="LTR"> ITS </span><span lang="FA">انجام</span> <span lang="FA">شد. برای تایید شناسایی ریخت­ شناسی و توالی­ یابی، دندروگرام مربوطه با استفاده از نسخه </span><span dir="LTR">7.1</span><span lang="FA"> نرم افزار </span><span dir="LTR">Bioedit</span><span lang="FA"> ویرایش شدند. </span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA">یافته­ ها:</span></b><span lang="FA"> در</span> <span lang="FA">این</span> <span lang="FA">مطالعه 9 جنس و</span> <span lang="FA">گونه شناسایی</span> <span lang="FA">شدند</span><span dir="LTR">.</span><span lang="FA"> گونه ­های</span> <span lang="FA">قارچی</span> <span lang="FA">شامل </span><span dir="LTR">OM117707</span><span lang="FA"> (</span><span dir="LTR">Alternaria alternata</span><span lang="FA">)،</span><span dir="LTR">(Aspergillus flavus) OM488258</span><span lang="FA">، </span> <span dir="LTR">OM141395</span><span lang="FA">(</span><span dir="LTR">Botryosphaeria dothidea</span><span lang="FA"> )،</span><span dir="LTR">OM131770 </span> (<span dir="LTR">Diaporthe eres</span><span lang="FA">)</span> <span lang="FA">، </span><span dir="LTR">Fusarium acuminatum) OM131729 </span><span lang="FA">)،</span><span dir="LTR">OM142129 </span><span lang="FA"> (</span><span dir="LTR">Fusarium sambucinum</span><span lang="FA">)،</span><span dir="LTR"> OM017151 </span><span lang="FA">(</span><span dir="LTR">Mucor fragilis</span><span lang="FA">)،</span><span dir="LTR"> OM017148 </span><span lang="FA"> (</span><span dir="LTR">Neofusicoccum parvum</span><span lang="FA">)، </span><span dir="LTR">OM124921 </span><span lang="FA"> (</span><span dir="LTR">Fulvia fulva</span><span lang="FA">)، بودند.</span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA">نتیجه­ گیری:</span></b><span lang="FA"> به ­طور کلی هدف از این پژوهش شناسائی اندوفیت­ های قارچی درخت ممرز بر پایه داده ­های ریخت­ شناسی و مولکولی از جنگل­ های مهدشت، طبقده، دارابکلا و امام­زاده زید ساری واقع دراستان مازندران بود.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<br>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Extended Abstract</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction and Objective:</span></b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Endophytic fungi are fungi that are present in plant tissue at the time of sampling without obvious symptoms. There are several reports that the use of endophytic fungi improves grain yield, increases cold and drought tolerance, resistance to plant pathogens and herbivorous insects. Therefore, these fungi can be used as a biocontrol agent in the protection of crops. Endophytic fungi are a rich source of active metabolites that have the potential to be used in medicine, agriculture, and industry, so this study was conducted to isolate endophytic fungi from hornbeam trees and their morphological and molecular identification from the forests of Sari. </span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Material and Methods: </span></b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In this study, to identify endophytic fungi from healthy branches of hornbeam trees during autumn 2019 and summer and autumn 2020 of the forests of Sari city were sampled. In the laboratory, each branch sample was kept for 24 months at 24 ° C and continuous darkness after disinfection and culture on PDA medium. Morphological features and sequencing of the ITS region were performed to confirm the morphological identification and sequencing of the relevant dendrogram using version 7.1 of Bioedit software. </span><b><span lang="FA" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"2 Mitra""></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results</span></b><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: </span></b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In this study, 9 genera and species were identified. Fungal species</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> includ:</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="tab-stops:431.1pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><i><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Alternaria ­­­­­­­­­­­­alternata </span></i><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(OM117707), <i>Aspergillus flavus </i>(OM488258),<i> Botryosphaeria dothidea </i>(OM141395)<i>, Diaporthe eres </i></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(OM131770),</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> <i>Fusarium</i></span><i><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> acuminatum</span></i><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(OM131729)<i>,Fusarium sambucinum </i>(OM142129)<i>,Mucor fragilis </i>(OM017151)<i>, Neofusicuccum parvum </i>(OM017148), <i>Fulvia fulva </i>(OM124921)<i>.</i></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="tab-stops:432.4pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion</span></b><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:#0563c1"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">: </span></span></span></b></span></span><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In general, the aim of this research was to identify the fungal endophytes of </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Beech trees</span><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> based on morphological and molecular data from the forests of Mahdasht, Tabaghdeh, Darabkala and Imamzadeh Zaid Sari located in Mazandaran province.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:80%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family:"2 Mitra""></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:80%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span dir="LTR" style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
تنوع, جنگل, درختان چوبی, درون زی, ریخت شناسی, ITS
Diversity, Endophyte, Forest, ITS, Morphology, Woody trees
62
74
http://ifej.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-711-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Shiva
Zandi
شیوا
زندی
shivazandi45@gmail.com
10031947532846008210
10031947532846008210
No
Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
Saeed
Rezaee
سعید
رضائی
srezaee@srbiau.ac.ir
10031947532846008211
10031947532846008211
Yes
Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
Mohammad Ali
Tajick Ghanbari
محمد علی
تاجیک قنبری
m.tajick@gmail.com
10031947532846008212
10031947532846008212
No
Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدهعلوم زراعی، دانشگاهعلوم کشاورزی و منابعطبیعی، ساری، ایران
Mohammad Ali
Ebrahimzadeh
محمد علی
ابراهیم زاده
zadeh20@yahoo.com
10031947532846008213
10031947532846008213
No
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
گروه شیمی داروئی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران