fa فلور، شکل زیستی و کورولوژی پوشش گیاهی روزمینی و بانک بذر خاک رویشگاه های شب خسب در جنگل های استان مازندران عمومى General پژوهشي Research <strong><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در تحقیق حاضر،&nbsp; پوشش</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گیاهی روزمینی </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بانک &shy;بذرخاک سه رویشگاه جلگه</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ای و پایین</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بند هیرکانی شامل (هلومسر،<br> انجیلی</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سرا و ذخیرگاه شمشاد سی</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سنگان) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نمونه&shy;برداری از ترکیب&shy;گیاهی روزمینی در خردادماه بر اساس اطلاعات تعداد 68 قطعه</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نمونه 400 متر</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مربعی و مطالعه بانک بذرخاک با استفاده از روش کشت گلخانه&shy;ای انجام شد. نتایج نشان</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> داد که در بخش پوشش</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:calibri,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گیاهی روزمینی، تعداد </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">66 گونه، 59 جنس و 38 تیره</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گیاهی و در بخش بانک بذرخاک، </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تعداد 93 گونه گیاهی</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> متعلق به 82 جنس و 48 تیره</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گیاهی حضور دارد. </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تیره&shy;های </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Lamiaceae</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Poaceae</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Rosaceae</span></span> &nbsp;<span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">هر کدام با 5 گونه (6/7 درصد) </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;در بخش روزمینی و در بخش بانک بذرخاک</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تیره&shy; </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Asteraceae</span></span> &nbsp;<span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با 12 گونه (9/12درصد)، </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Lamiaceae</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp; با 6 گونه (5/6 درصد)،</span></span></span> <span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Cyperaceae</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Fabaceae</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و</span></span></span> <span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">Poaceae</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp; هر کدام با 5 گونه (4/5 درصد) </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به عنوان مهم</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ترین تیره</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">های گیاهی محسوب می</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شوند. نتایج همچنین نشان</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">داد که در بخش پوشش</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:calibri,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گیاهی روزمینی فانروفیت</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ها با </span></span></span></span>&nbsp;<span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">9/37 درصد </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(25 گونه) و عناصر<br> اروپا- سیبری با </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">4/42 درصد </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(28 گونه) و در بخش بانک </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بذرخاک </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">همی&shy;کریپتوفیت&shy;ها با 3/32 درصد (30 گونه)</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و عناصر </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">چند ناحیه&shy;ای با 28 درصد (26 گونه)</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به عنوان مهم&shy;ترین گروه</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">های ساختاری طیف&shy;زیستی و کورولوژی این سه منطقه محسوب می</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ش</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">وند. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از مجموع تعداد&shy;</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کل 118 گونه&shy;گیاهی منطقه، فقط 41 گونه به صورت مشترک در دو بخش حضور یافته است که این موضوع نه&shy;تنها شباهت کم ترکیب گیاهی بانک &shy;بذرخاک با پوشش&shy;گیاهی روزمینی متناظر در بوم&shy;نظام&shy;های جنگلی معتدله را تایید می&shy;کند بلکه اهمیت مطالعه بانک &shy;بذرخاک در معرفی دقیق&shy;تر ظرفیت تنوع&shy;زیستی&shy;گیاهی منطقه را نیز نشان می&shy;دهد.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">همچنین نتایج نشان داد که بذور شب</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">خسب با متوسط تراکم 270 بذر در مترمربع در 61 درصد از نمونه&shy;های بانک بذرخاک حضور می&shy;یابد که این مسأله نقش بانک &shy;بذرخاک شب&shy;خسب &nbsp;به&shy;عنوان یک منبع قابل اتکا برای احیای طبیعی آن در جنگل&shy;های هیرکانی را دلالت می&shy;کند</span></span></span><span style="font-family:calibri,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">.</span></span></strong> &nbsp;&nbsp;This study was investigated the above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank flora in three site of <em>Albizia</em> <em>julibrissin</em> Durazz. In Hyrcanian Lowland Forests (including Haloomsar, Anjilisra forests and Sisangan Box tree (<em>Buxus</em> <em>hyrcanus</em> Pojark) reserve). Aboveground vegetation was sampled by 68 plots of 400 m² during late June and seed bank flora was studied by seedling emergence method. The result showed that there were 66 plant taxa belonging to 59 genera and 38 families in the extant vegetation of the studied eareas, while a total of 93 species, 82 genera and 48 families were represented in the soil seed bank.Lamiaceae, Poaceae and Rosaceae with 5 species (7.6%) were the most frequent families in the above-ground vegetation while in soil seed bank Asteraceae with 12 species (12.9%), Lamiaceae with 6 species (6.5%) followed by Cyperaceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae with 5 species (5.4%) were the most important families. Results also showed phanerophytes with 37.9% (25 species) and Euro-Siberian with 42.4% (28 species) in the Above-ground Vegetation floras and Hemicryptophytes 32.3% (30 species) and pluriregional regions elements 28% (26 species) were the most important biological spectrum and phytochorion in the seed bank floras, respectivly.From total of 118 plant species, the proportion of species that presented only in the above-ground vegetation, only in soil seed bank and in both of them were 25, 52 and 41, respectively. This condition not only explains low similarity between soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation and it also showed the importance of soil seed bank study for introducing more accurate capacity of plant biodiversity. our result also showed that <em>Albizia julibrissin</em> Durazz with the average seed density of 270 seeds/m² are attending in 61% of total seed bank samples which it emphesizes the role of its seed bank as a suitable source for natural restoration of <em>Albizia</em> <em>julibrissin</em> in the Hyrcanian Forests پوشش گیاهی روزمینی, بانک بذرخاک, شکل زیستی, کوروتیپ, شب خسب Above-ground vegetation, Albizia julibrissin, Chorotype, Durazz, Life form, Soil seed bank 28 40 http://ifej.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-33&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Saleh Sekhavat صالح سخاوت 10031947532846002486 10031947532846002486 No Tarbiat Modares University دانشگاه تربیت مدرس Omid Esmailzadeh2 امید اسماعیل زاده 10031947532846002487 10031947532846002487 Yes Tarbiat Modares University دانشگاه تربیت مدرس Hamed Asadi حامد اسدی 10031947532846002488 10031947532846002488 No Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری