دوره 9، شماره 17 - ( بهار و تابستان 1400 )
جلد 9 شماره 17 صفحات 122-114 |
برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
چکیده: (2455 مشاهده)
گونه شاه بلوط به عنوان یک گونه جنگلی بومی و ارزشمند در برخی از رویشگاه های جنگلی استان گیلان ظاهر می شود که به دلیل فقدان زادآوری طبیعی و وجود مشکلات اقتصادی- اجتماعی و همچنین بیماریهای زنگزدگی و سوختگی، مساحت توده های آن در حال کاهش است؛ لذا ازدیاد غیرجنسی آن از طریق روشهای کشت بافت می تواند در حفاظت از این گونه مؤثر بوده و از انقراض آن جلوگیری نماید. مطالعه حاضر با هدف استفاده از روش ریزازدیادی جهت تولید گیاهچه کامل شاه بلوط و شناسایی بهترین ریزنمونه و تنظیم کننده رشد گیاهی انجام شد. بدین منظور ابتدا بذور از رویشگاه ویسرود جمع آوری، ضدعفونی و در آب جوش خیسانده شد و در محیط کشت B5 کشت و پس از سبز شدن از بذور جوانه زده ریزنمونه تهیه شد. ریزنمونه های برگ، ساقه و ریشه از گیاهچه های درون شیشه ای شاه بلوط تحت القاء سیتوکینین ها (TDZ و BA) با غلظت های 0/02، 0/2، 1 و 2 میلی گرم در لیتر و اکسین ها (IBA، NAA و IAA) با غلظت های 0/1، 0/2، 1 و 2 میلی گرم در لیتر در محیط کشت B5 قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بهترین واکنش از ریزنمونه ی برگ حاصل شده و TDZ (0/2 میلی گرم در لیتر) و IBA (2 میلی گرم در لیتر) به ترتیب بیشترین درصد تولید کالوس- شاخه (32/4 درصد) و ریشه زایی (80 درصد) را داشتند. زندهمانی گیاهچه های بدست آمده در محیط بیرون از آزمایشگاه 80 درصد بود. با توجه به اهمیّت گونه شاه بلوط از نظر اقتصادی و زیست محیطی، نتایج این مطالعه می تواند در راستای کاربرد مدیریت احیایی جهت حفاظت، توسعه و جلوگیری از انقراض این گونه مؤثر واقع شود.
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