دوره 8، شماره 16 - ( پاییز و زمستان 1399 )
جلد 8 شماره 16 صفحات 80-72 |
برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی گرگان. گرگان، ایران
چکیده: (2825 مشاهده)
در سالیان اخیر، درختان بلوط جنگل‌های زاگرس به دلایل نامشخص دچار خشکیدگی زیادی شدند. تعیین میزان و شدت تغییرات تراکم تاج‌پوشش جنگل‌ها برای بررسی و مدیریت بهتر این جنگل‌ها بسیار مهم است. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین مقدار تغییرات تاج‌پوشش درختان منطقه جنگلی دشت برم استان فارس تحت تأثیر پدیده خشکیدگی بلوط با استفاده از داده‌های ماهواره‌ای مربوط به سه دوره مختلف انجام شد. برای اینمنظور، از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای QuickBird مربوط به سال 2005 (قبل از خشکیدگی درختان بلوط)، تصاویر با قدرت تفکیک مکانی بسیار بالای برگرفته از گوگل‌ارث مربوط به سال 2011 (حین خشکیدگی درختان بلوط) و سال 2014 (بعد از خشکیدگی درختان بلوط) استفاده شد. ابتدا تصاویر مذکور با استفاده از نقاط دقیق کنترل زمینی و نمونه‌برداری نزدیک‌ترین همسایه و بر مبنای تصویر سال 2011 مطابقت داده شدند. نتایج تطابق هندسی تصاویر نشان داد که تصویر (QuickBird (2005 با جذر میانگین مربعات خطای 25/0 و تصویر QuickBird برگرفته از گوگل‌ارث (2014) با جذر میانگین مربعات خطای 56/0، تصحیح شدند. سپس قطعات نمونه‌ای دایره‌ای شکل 1000 مترمربعی با شعاع 85/17 متر، در نرمافزار GIS طراحی و بر روی تصاویر انداخته و میزان تاج‌پوشش درختان در محل قطعات نمونه برداشت شدند. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که میانگین درصد تاج‌پوشش درختان در زمان قبل از خشکیدگی درختان بلوط، 17/19 درصد، در زمان خشکیدگی، 33/13 درصد و برای دوره بعد از خشکیدگی درختان 16/11 درصد بوده است. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده مشخص شد که میزان تاج‌پوشش درختان بلوط از دوره قبل از خشکیدگی تا زمان بعد از خشکیدگی روند کاهشی داشته است و میبایست در مناطقی که کاهش تاج پوشش شدید بوده عملیات احیایی اجرا شود.
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