دوره 6، شماره 11 - ( بهار و تابستان 1397 )                   جلد 6 شماره 11 صفحات 30-21 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
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تخریب جنگل بر پایداری بوم نظام تأثیر می‌گذارد و سبب کاهش تنوع گونه‌های گیاهی می‌شود. جنگلکاری با درختان سوزنی‌برگ در بوم نظام‌های تخریب‌شده، شرایط استقرار گونه‌های بومی را فراهم و در حفظ و توسعه تنوع گیاهان نقش مهمی ایفا می‌کند. این تحقیق با هدف اندازه‌گیری و مقایسه تنوع گونه‌های چوبی در طبقه‌های سنی جنگل‌کاری‌های کاج بروسیا و سرو زربین در منطقه قپان واقع در شرق استان گلستان انجام شد. جنگلکاری‌ها به طبقه‌های سنی کوچکتر از 10، 10 تا 20 و 20 تا 30 سال طبقه‌بندی شدند. سپس به‌ازای هر طبقه سنی، عرصه‌ای به مساحت تقریبی پنج هکتار مشخص و در آن عرصه، 30 قطعه نمونه 400 مترمربعی به‌طور تصادفی سیستماتیک انتخاب شدند. در هر قطعه نمونه، فهرست گیاهان چوبی و تراکم آنها ثبت شد. تعداد گونه‌های چوبی با استفاده از شاخص‌‌های غنای گونه، غنای مورد انتظار و مارگالف، تنوع با استفاده از شاخص‌های سیمپسون و شانون-وینر و یکنواختی با استفاده از شاخص‌های کامارگو و سیمپسون محاسبه شدند. تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر گونه، طبقه سنی و اثر متقابل گونه و طبقه سنی معنی‌دار بوده است. برش‌دهی اثر متقابل نشان داد که تفاوت طبقه‌های سنی جنگل‌کاری کاج بروسیا از نظر شاخص‌های غنا، تنوع و یکنواختی معنی‌دار بوده است. در جنگل‌کاری سرو زربین، تفاوت طبقه‌های سنی از نظر شاخص‌های غنای مورد انتظار و مارگالف و تنوع سیمپسون و شانون-وینر معنی‌دار نشد. ولی افزایش شاخص‌های غنای گونه و یکنواختی کامارگو و سیمپسون در طبقه‌های سنی کوچکتر از 10 و 10 تا 20 سال معنی‌دار شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که جنگلکاری کاج بروسیا برای استقرار زادآوری و توسعه گیاهان چوبی از سرو زربین مناسب‌تر بوده و برای جنگل‌کاری آتی در این منطقه پیشنهاد می‌شود.
 

 
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نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: تخصصي
دریافت: 1396/12/23 | پذیرش: 1397/2/24 | انتشار: 1397/8/12

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